Abstract
An important priority of contemporary public policy is to strengthen U.S. industrial competitiveness through the transfer and commercialization of public-sector technology. However, the evolving collaboration between federal technology sources and private organizations presents critical strategic challenges. To avoid disappointment, it is imperative that all parties (federal agencies, contractors, and laboratories as well as potential private partners) understand the scope and complexity of these challenges, and that each partner know the constraints, resources, methods, and culture of the other.