Our winter special issue features contributions on circular cities, highlighting the importance of urban centers in promoting cross-sector coordination and regenerative innovation in food, energy, construction, and waste
Employee Engagement and CSR: Transactional, Relational, and Developmental Approaches
Philip Mirvis
ArticleIn-Depth
Abstract
This article looks at the relevance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) for engaging employees,
including its impact on their motivation, identity, and sense of meaning and purpose. It explores
three different ways that companies engage their employees through CSR: a transactional approach,
where programs are undertaken to meet the needs of employees who want to take part in the CSR efforts of a company; a relational approach, based on a psychological contract that emphasizes
social responsibility; and a developmental approach, which aims to activate social responsibility in a
company and to develop its employees to be responsible corporate citizens.